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导读
As you read, ask yourself: which tip will be most helpful to me the next time I write an argumentative essay?
当你阅读下文时，可以问问自己:下次我写议论文时，哪个建议对我最有帮助？To be effective, an argumentative essay must contain elements to help persuade the audience to see things from your perspective. These components include a compelling topic, a balanced assessment, strong evidence, and persuasive language.
为了有效，一篇议论文必须包含有助于说服听众从你的角度看问题的几点元素。包括一个引人注目的主题，一个全面的评估，有力的证据，和有说服力的语言。
Find a good topic and point of view
To find a good topic for an argumentative essay, consider several issues and choose a few that spark at least two solid, conflicting points of view. As you look over a list of topics, find one that really piques your interest, as you'll be more successful if you're passionate about your topic.
为了给一篇议论文找到一个好的主题，考虑这几个问题，选择几个能引发至少两个坚实的、有冲突的观点的论点。当你浏览一系列话题时，找一个真正能激起你兴趣的，因为如果你对你的话题充满激情，你会更容易成功。
Once you have selected a topic you feel strongly about, make a list of points for both sides of the argument. When shaping an argument you'll have to explain why your belief is reasonable and logical, so list points you can use as evidence for or against an issue. Ultimately, determine your side of the argument and make sure you can back up your point of view with reasoning and evidence. Work against the opposing point of view and prove why your stance is correct.
一旦你选择了一个你强烈感兴趣的话题，列出这个论点正反方的观点。当形成一个论点时，你必须解释为什么你的信念是合理和合乎逻辑的，所以列出你可以用来支持或反对一个问题的证据。最终，确定你的论点，并确保你能用推理和证据来支持你的观点。反对对立的观点，并证明为什么你的立场是正确的。
Gather evidence
One of your essay's first objectives will be to assess both sides of your issue. Consider strong arguments for both your side, as well as the "other" side—in order to shoot their statements down. Provide evidence without drama; sticking to the facts and clear examples that support your stance.
你论文的首要目标之一是评估你论点的两个方面。为你和“另一方”考虑强有力的论据——以便驳倒他们的陈述。提供没有戏剧性的证据；使用支持你立场的事实和清晰的例子。
You may look for research that provides statistics on your topic that support your reasoning, as well as examples of how your topic impacts people, animals, or even the Earth. Interviewing experts on your topic can also help you structure a compelling argument.
你可以寻找能为你的主题提供支持的相关研究数据，以及你的主题如何影响人类、动物甚至地球的例子。就你的主题对该领域专家进行采访也能帮助你构建一个有说服力的论点。
Write the essay
Once you've given yourself a solid foundation of information, begin to craft your essay. An argument essay, as with all essays, should contain three parts: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. The length of paragraphs in these parts will vary depending on the length of your essay assignment.
一旦你给自己打下了坚实的信息基础，就开始构思你的文章。一篇议论文，和所有的论文一样，应该包含三个部分:引言、正文和结论。这些部分的段落长度将根据你论文作业的长度而有所不同。
As in any essay, the first paragraph of your argument essay should introduce the topic with a brief explanation of your topic, some background information, and a thesis statement. In this case, your thesis is a statement of your position on a specific controversial topic.
和其他文章一样，你的议论文第一段应该介绍你的主题，对你的主题做一个简短的解释，交代一些背景信息，和一个论文陈述。在这种情况下，你的论文是对一个特定的有争议的话题进行你的立场陈述。
Present both sides of the controversy
The body of your essay should contain the meat of your argument. Go into more detail about the two sides of your topic and state the strongest points of the counter-side of your issue.
你文章的主体应该包含你论点的实质。深入了解你的话题的两个方面，陈述你的问题的反面的最强点。
After describing the "other" side, spansent your own viewpoint and then provide evidence to show why your position is the correct one. Work to discredit the other side using some of the information you discovered in your research. Choose your strongest evidence and spansent your points one by one. Use a mix of evidence, from statistics to other studies and anecdotal stories.
在描述了“另一面”之后，陈述你自己的观点，然后提供证据来说明为什么你的立场是正确的。利用你在研究中发现的一些信息来质疑对方。选择你最有力的证据，一个一个地陈述你的观点。从统计数据到其他研究和轶事，综合运用证据。
Conclusion
A strong conclusion can help summarize your point of view and reinforce with your reader why your stance is the best option. You might consider reserving one overwhelmingly shocking statistic for the conclusion, one that leaves no room for doubt in your reader's mind. At the very least, use this final paragraph or two as an opportunity to restate your position as the most sensible one.
一个强有力的结论可以帮助总结你的观点，并向你的读者强调为什么你的立场是最好的选择。你可以考虑为这个结论保留一个令人震惊的统计数据，一个在你的读者心中没有任何怀疑余地的数据。
Final tips
When writing your essay, consider these tips to help craft the most rational and poignant argument for your readers. Avoid emotional language that can sound irrational. Know the difference between a logical conclusion and an emotional point of view.
当你写文章的时候，考虑这些技巧来帮助你的读者构思出最合理和最深刻的论点。避免听起来不理智的情感语言。了解逻辑结论和情感观点之间的区别。
Don't fabricate evidence and don't use untrustworthy sources for evidence, and be sure to cite your sources.
不要捏造证据，不要使用不可信的来源作为证据，一定要引用你的来源。
